A structural model of the influence of anticipatory competence on the individual professional stability of university teachers is presented. The purpose of this article is to provide a theoretical justification for the model of anticipatory competence as a predictor of individual professional stability of university teachers with the mediating role of self-esteem and proactive behavior. The research was carried out within the framework of systemic and subject-activity approaches. The theoretical basis was formed by the concept of anticipation, the theory of self-efficacy, models of proactive behavior and studies of professional sustainability of teachers. For the operationalization of constructs, a diagnostic toolkit is proposed, including validated methods for evaluating each component of the model. For the first time, a model has been proposed in which self-esteem and proactive behavior act as consistent mediators of the relationship between anticipatory competence and the individual professional stability of a university teacher. The mechanism of transformation of predictive potential into stability is revealed: anticipation → self-esteem → proactive behavior → stability. A theoretical model is substantiated that includes an independent variable (anticipatory competence), consistent mediators (self-esteem, proactive behavior) and a dependent variable (individual professional stability). It is shown that the anticipatory competence of a university teacher is manifested in the ability to build long-term professional development trajectories, anticipate academic risks and predict the effectiveness of implemented teaching methods. Four hypotheses are formulated that are subject to empirical verification. The proposed diagnostic tools make it possible to operationalize all the components of the model. The proposed model can serve as a theoretical foundation for the organization of empirical research, as well as for the development and implementation of psychological and pedagogical practices in the field of higher education.