The purpose is to study certain variants of architectonics, topographic and anatomical correlations, morphometric characteristics of the celiac trunk and its branches of the first order. A sufficient amount of research has been done recently to demonstrate the possibilities of intra-vital methods of imaging vessels in the gastrospleno-pancreatoduodenal zone (GSPDZ). Generating the knowledge of the angio-architectonics of the celiac trunk (CT) and its branches in order to improve the results of surgical treatment for diseases of the upper floor of the peritoneal cavity and retroperitoneal space due to the targeted study of the variant anatomy of the vessels at the preoperative stage remains an urgent problem in up-to-date medicine. While performing a large number of surgical interventions, isolation of the GSPDZ vessels is required, which implies knowledge of architectonics options, topographic and anatomical, morphometric characteristics of the celiac trunk and its branches. The anatomical material (20 embalmed corpses, 48 non-embalmed organ complexes) and data from intra-vital research methods (multiphase spiral computed tomographic angiography (MSCTA) as well as digital subtraction angiography (n = 258 and 175, respectively) in adults in the second period of adulthood enabled us to study the angio-architectonics of the celiac trunk and its branches. It has been found that the topographic, anatomical and morphometric characteristics, the architectonics of the celiac trunk, as well as its branches, have a wide range of anatomical variants. It is shown that the CT can be located from the level of the upper edge of Th12 to L2. It is characterized by a high frequency (more than 10% of cases) of atypical branching variants - from bifurcation to pentafurcation, and the independent separation of its main branches from the abdominal part of the aorta. There is also a frequent presence of aberrant arteries of its branches (up to 13%). It has been determined that postprocessor three-dimensional reconstruction of MSCTA results at the preoperative stage is a highly informative method for assessing possible anatomical variants of emergency branching and it can be recommended for pre-surgical stage.