The article analyzes the concept of resology, proposed by Aleksandr P. Chudakov in his 1970s—1990s works, as a representation of material things in literature. By creating this theory, the scholar tried to unravel the laws of the 19th century literary evolution from Romanticism to Realism and further to Symbolism. The author of the article argues that Chudakov’s novel A Gloom is Cast Upon the Ancient Steps can be regarded as a useful explanation of the resology concept.