The idea of “the end of human exclusivity”, being considered nowadays in the Нumanities, became the starting point in the discussion of the image of the world, in which man found himself in his stance as the subject of history, in the 21st century. The paper analyzes the principles of deconstruction of the universalist understanding of history (on the examples of the ideas of
P. Ricoeur and L. Althusser) and turns to three important circumstances of the modern historical situation that determine the actual image of a human being. These three circumstances are: the phenomenon of new ethics, low-intensity military conflicts and the concept of the Anthropocene, and they will allow us to draw a conclusion about the proper characteristics of the modern
subject of history and demonstrate the conceptual alternative that is built in relation to the classical teleological, and therefore historicist ideas about human history. From these conflict circumstances, in which the modern subject of history exists, it follows that in the closest way we can describe a human being as a process, and not an essence, as a self, and not something, as duration,
and not determinacy. The power of man-creator, man-producer over time and space brings us closer to the idea that modern history as its subject no longer requires the man, but the God. From the perspective of modern evolutionary concepts, in particular, the concept of cultural evolution, human history also loses its teleology, being brought into a universal evolutionary process. However, this circumstance paradoxically turns into the fact that the human beings in history build their own theology, acquiring the properties of an unfinished, nameless deity.