The article is devoted to the main practical problems of qualification of medical documents' falsification during the preventive medical measures. The results of sentences' monitoring were analyzed, where medical documents proper (outpatient charts, medical certificates, medical examination's report charts) as well as organizational and report documents (report form № 131, etc.) were the objects of the crime. The authors conclude that courts sometimes do not pay enough attention to the ascertainment of the official document's features in each case and it entails qualificational mistakes.