The article is devoted to the history of such traditional types of Chinese physical culture as wushu and qigong, their spread in modern China and the possibility of applying traditional Chinese physical culture and wellness practices in Russia. The purpose of the article is to study the history of the development of traditional types of physical culture and sports in China. Research objectives: to study the history of the development of the most popular types of physical culture and sports in China; characteristics of traditional wushu and qigong practices and their varieties; determination of the degree of popularity of traditional types of physical culture and sports in modern China by means of a survey of residents of the People's Republic of China. As a result of the study, the authors came to conclusions about the popularity of traditional types of physical culture and sports in China due to their significant contribution to strengthening the health of the nation and about the possibility of applying these sports and wellness practices in Russia.