The goal of our study is to reveal acoustic features of speech and elements of nonverbal behavior in “mother-child” dyads during the interaction situation. Participants in the study were 43 dyads “mother-child” with typically developing (TD) children (n = 29 dyads) and children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD, F84 according to ICD-10) (n = 14 dyads), aged 4−7 years. The strategies of mother’s speech behavior leading to the progress of the speech development of TD children are defined. It is shown that mothers of children with ASD adapt their speech to the level of the child’s speech development and are guided by the severity of autistic disorders of the child, but this strategy does not always lead to progress in the child’s speech development. Mother’s speech (MS) behavior to a greater extent provides progress in the ASD child’s nonverbal response and the complication of the grammar level of speech, but not phonetics. The obtained data on the MS characteristics and speech features of children can be used to create a stimulus for computer training programs for children with atypical development.