The ability of brain to forecast a future events is one of the important cognitive ability. According by Karl Friston (Friston
K.,2003) it plays the basic role in learning and adaptation to environmental changes. The ability to adapt is known to be
reduced in patients with schizophrenia. The reason for this may be the inability of schizophrenic patients to learn effectively
and, thus, the inability to forecast environmental changes. In studies of the brain’s predictive ability by registration the MMN
and P300 response to the standard and deviant (unexpected) stimuli differences were found in responses by schizophrenic
and healthy subjects (Umbricht et al.2003). In schizophrenia, these studies demonstrated deficits in MMN and P300
generation, but some studies failed to confirm it (Michie 2001).
We investigated the neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive functions associated with parameters of various cognitive
styles. As subjects, we invited schizophrenic patients with paranoid seizures and healthy people with different cognitive
styles. Schizophrenic patients were also divided into groups, depending on what neuroleptics they were taking. We used
psychological methods to measure cognitive styles and method of assessing negative symptoms at schizophrenia (SANS).
To assess the functioning of neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive functions, the evoked potentials for various
standard and deviant stimuli arranget in sequences were used. In the instruction we asked to count the number of stimuli
that regularly change according to a certain rule (for example increase in the sound frequency). We considered differences
in brain responses to deviant and standard stimuli in terms of the parameter given in the instructions, as well as differences
between the responses to deviant and standard stimuli according to a parameter not specified in the instruction. For
schizophrenic patients, changes in the work of neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive functions, reflected in the EP
and in the visualization of the work of the hippocampal structures were found. This effect can be associated with
mechanisms of translation from short-term to long-term memory, through changes of synapses potency of neurons during
training to predict changes in sequences. These mechanisms depend on cognitive styles and reception different types of
neuroleptics