Disorders of speech and language affect approximately 6% of children, yet they remain largely understudied, underidentified, and underserved. This article reviews the disorders in the two most recent revisions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—the fourth edition, text revision and fifth edition (DSM-5). Furthermore, the article highlights the new revisions as well as the main differences between DSM-5 and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 11th edition (scheduled to release in 2018). The main categories of language disorders have remained relatively unchanged throughout the last several decades, both conceptually and diagnostically. The results are discussed in the context of future possibilities for rooting the revisions of these diagnostic categories in interdisciplinary research literature. This may require significant cross-talk between researchers and practitioners from multiple fields, including psychiatry, psychology, and speech and language pathology.