The article describes a research methodology and lifecycle management approach for a logistics system operating in the Russian Arctic region. The following types of Arctic logistics systems have been identified: a system for managing the country’s Arctic space, i.e. the Arctic industry or area; holdings and other possible forms taken by multinational corporations operating in the Arctic; production associations, enterprises, individual divisions, households and associations operating in the Arctic; the Arctic territory of the country, large economic Arctic areas, economic clusters in the Arctic, administrative-territorial units (cities, districts, villages), local territorial production complexes in the Arctic; global, national and local corporate or enterprise networks operating in the Arctic region. A conceptual definition of the “Arctic logistics system lifecycle” is formulated. The methodology for research and management of the lifecycle of Arctic logistics systems is based on graph theory models and methods in combination with the Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) and Continuous Acquisition and Lifecycle Support (CALS) technologies for managing object data. A toolkit for the implementation of the research methodology and modelling of the Arctic logistics system lifecycle is described. A list of tasks that can be performed within the framework of the presented methodology is adduced.