TY - JOUR

T1 - An effervescence-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on three-component deep eutectic solvent for the determination of fluoroquinolones in foods

AU - Barbayanov, Kirill

AU - Timofeeva, Irina

AU - Bulatov, Andrey

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2022/12/1

Y1 - 2022/12/1

N2 - An effervescence-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction approach using three-component deep eutectic solvent based on short-chain and medium-chain carboxylic acids and terpenoid was developed for the first time. The microextraction procedure was applied to the determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in foods (milk and shrimp samples) by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection. In this microextraction procedure three-component deep eutectic solvent acted as a proton donor agent and an extractant. The carbon dioxide bubbles caused by the fast reaction between precursor of deep eutectic solvent (short-chain carboxylic acid) and effervescent agent (sodium carbonate) promoted the dispersion of the extractant in an aqueous sample phase. Various carboxylic acids were studied as hydrogen bond donors for the formation of deep eutectic solvents and proton donor agents for the generation of CO2 bubbles. Two natural terpenoids (menthol and thymol) were studied as the hydrogen bond acceptors for the formation of three-component solvent. The extraction system based on heptanoic acid and thymol (1:2, mol/mol) containing formic acid (proton donor for generating CO2 bubbles) provided maximum extraction recovery (86–99%) and a higher extraction efficiency of analytes compared to their extraction into individual hydrophobic precursors of the system. The LODs, calculated from the blank tests based on 3σ, were varied from 0.03 to 0.06 μg L−1 and from 0.3 to 0.6 μg kg−1 for fluoroquinolone antibiotics in milk and shrimp samples, respectively. The proposed approach provided effective dispersion of extractant speeding up the extraction process and fast separation of phases without any external energy assistance.

AB - An effervescence-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction approach using three-component deep eutectic solvent based on short-chain and medium-chain carboxylic acids and terpenoid was developed for the first time. The microextraction procedure was applied to the determination of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in foods (milk and shrimp samples) by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection. In this microextraction procedure three-component deep eutectic solvent acted as a proton donor agent and an extractant. The carbon dioxide bubbles caused by the fast reaction between precursor of deep eutectic solvent (short-chain carboxylic acid) and effervescent agent (sodium carbonate) promoted the dispersion of the extractant in an aqueous sample phase. Various carboxylic acids were studied as hydrogen bond donors for the formation of deep eutectic solvents and proton donor agents for the generation of CO2 bubbles. Two natural terpenoids (menthol and thymol) were studied as the hydrogen bond acceptors for the formation of three-component solvent. The extraction system based on heptanoic acid and thymol (1:2, mol/mol) containing formic acid (proton donor for generating CO2 bubbles) provided maximum extraction recovery (86–99%) and a higher extraction efficiency of analytes compared to their extraction into individual hydrophobic precursors of the system. The LODs, calculated from the blank tests based on 3σ, were varied from 0.03 to 0.06 μg L−1 and from 0.3 to 0.6 μg kg−1 for fluoroquinolone antibiotics in milk and shrimp samples, respectively. The proposed approach provided effective dispersion of extractant speeding up the extraction process and fast separation of phases without any external energy assistance.

KW - Antibiotics

KW - Effervescence-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction

KW - Milk

KW - Shrimp

KW - Synergistic effect

KW - Three-component deep eutectic solvent

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85133777885&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123709

DO - 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123709

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85133777885

VL - 250

JO - Talanta

JF - Talanta

SN - 0039-9140

M1 - 123709

ER -