New surfactants based on the cationic monomer 11-acryloyloxyundecyltrimethylammonium with counterions bromide, nitrate, acetate, camphorsulfonate, 4-toluenesulfonate, trifluoroacetate were obtained in this work. In most cases counterions change the critical micelle concentration by 2–3 times (being compared with bromide) except sample with acetate counterions (in this case critical micelle concentration increases by an order of magnitude). Substitution of bromide for hydrophobic counterions (toluenesulfonate, trifluoroacetate, camphorsulfonate) does not lead to expected transformation of spherical micelles to long wormlike micelles. The polymerization of such monomers occurs according to the microemulsion mechanism involving micelles of monomers.