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In this work manganese oxide films were obtained by electrodeposition and their electrochemical and mass transfer processes in aqueous zinc-ion battery electrolyte were studied by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). Cyclic voltammograms and corresponding mass variation curves of manganese oxide during charge-discharge processes were examined simultaneously on Au-coated quartz crystal electrodes. The investigations were conducted in aqueous electrolytes of different composition (2 M ZnSO 4 and 2 M ZnSO 4 + 0.1 M MnSO 4). Monitoring of electrode mass variation during potential cycling provides direct evidence that redox processes in MnO 2 electrodes co-occur with intercalation of protons and zinc ions. Combined CV and EQCM studies reveal that electrodeposited films of MnO 2 are unstable in 2 M ZnSO 4 electrolyte. The repeated potential cycling in Zn-containing electrolytes leads to rapid deterioration of electrode capacity in the few initial cycles due to the Zn 2+ insertion into subsurface structures of MnO 2 and blocking of electroactivity of MnO 2 film on Au substrate. On the other hand, reversible processes of intercalation of protons and zinc ions occur in 2 M ZnSO 4 + 0.1 M MnSO 4 electrolyte. Two main steps of mass increase during the discharging process, taking place at 1.4 V (vs. Zn/Zn 2+) and in the potential range (1.3–1.0) V were demonstrated by EQCM. The first step of mass increase is mainly related to the intercalation of H + (as H 3O +), whereas the second step of mass increase is mainly associated with formation of surface compounds like zinc sulfate hydroxide salts.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 162142 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Journal of Alloys and Compounds |
Volume | 892 |
Early online date | 28 Sep 2021 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1 Feb 2022 |
ID: 86180777