The problem of understanding the meaning of time competence as the predictor of adaptation or disadaptation in the structure of the professional activity has been studied in modern military men. The authors consider that the mechanism of time management can be seen as the basic principle for constructing value orientations and relations. Objective. The article contains a review of social, psychological and demographic aspects of adaptation of the military men from two groups: enrolled military men, contract military men. Design. 187 people were the sample of the study: aged from 21 to 30 years old (the average age was 26.78). The study used the following tools: Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, the authors’ modification of Kuzmina O.V. completion test «Personal disorganizations time management», Schwartz Value Orientation Questionnaire and “Time Situation” projective technique. The data processing included content analysis, correlation, and dispersion and regression analysis (SPSS 21.0 for Windows).Results. The differences between enrolled military men and contract military people were significant. The research has found both general and specific features related to different military groups. It is shown that the indifference to life and work, lack of desire to achieve results were more prevalent in those who excessively enjoyed life, did not obey orders, not influential in their behaviour, not successful in achieving one’s own objectives, closed to the opinions of others, and, accordingly, exhibited more maladaptive behaviour. Conclusion. The results enabled us to create a classification of military people based on differences in time management, values, and personal time representations.