The bound-state QED approach is applied to calculations of the 2p3/2→2s transition energies in He-, Li-, and Be-like uranium. For U90+ and U89+, standard perturbation theory for a single level is employed, while the calculations of U88+ have required its counterpart for quasidegenerate levels. The utilized approach merges the rigorous QED treatment up to the second order of perturbation theory with the higher-order electron-correlation contributions evaluated within the Breit approximation. The higher-order screened QED effects are estimated by means of the model-QED operator. The nuclear recoil, nuclear polarization, and nuclear deformation effects are taken into account as well. Along with the transition energies, their pairwise differences are calculated. The comprehensive analysis of the uncertainties due to uncalculated effects is carried out, and the most accurate theoretical predictions, which are in perfect agreement with available experimental data, are obtained.