The purpose of this work is to show the traditions of distinguishing categories of pronouns and the evolution of pronoun terminology in the Russian language grammars of the 18th century. In the process of research, two aspects were distinguished: classification and terminology. The research material was the “Pronoun” sections in 8 Russian grammars for Russians and 9 Russian grammars for foreigners. Additional sources were grammars of other languages. Research methods were critical analysis and comparison of chapters devoted to the description of pronouns in the specified sources. It was found that in the presentation of Russian pronouns categories, three traditions should be distinguished, the first of which goes back to the Slavic grammar of M. Smotritsky, the second one to the Russian grammar of H.W. Ludolf, and the third to the Russian grammar of J.-B. J. Charpentier and F. de Marignan. In the field of the Russian pronoun terminology, the Slavic-Russian and Latin-Russian trends were noted. Slavic-Russian terms partly go back to the grammar of M. Smotritsky, partly were created by translating Latin terms into Russian. Latin-Russian terms were created by M. Schwanwitz by transliterating the corresponding Latin terms. In the field of pronouns, Slavic-Russian terms have become entrenched.