The article analyzes in details the diaries and letters of Russian diplomat Paul Svinin during his travels in 1811-1813 upon the most important regions of the USA - New England and Middle States: New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania. The authors of this article reveal Russian diplomat’s opinions about the political system of the young republic in general and particularly, his opinions about such phenomenon as the so-called "American democracy" and the two-party system. This article describes diplomat’s travel notes about the Negro community and Indian population in America, as well as points up his appreciations of the family status of American women and their positions in daily living and cohabitation. Two historians describe Svinin’s opinions about the cultural life in American society and religious activities of different communities and sects. And of course, the authors of the article show the diplomat's interest not only to the rapid economic development of the large country and the achievements of it’s citizens in the field of agriculture, industry, commerce and technological progress, but also the historians describe Svinin’s attitude to the "Cult of Money" in the minds of Americans.