The article discusses Martin Luther's Passional of 1529, to which the genre of the children's Bible dates back, and some of the 16th century editions. The author shows the differences between Luther's and medieval Passionals: the latter were hagiographic collections, while Luther's Passional retold the biblical story. Illustrations (50 images in total), accompanied by a brief but capacious retelling of the of the Bible with the references, played an important role in the Passional. As an illustrative basis, Luther selected a significant part of the engravings from Albrecht Durer's “Small Passion” series. The subjects that Dürer did not include were developed by the Lutheran engravers independently, basing on other late medieval examples. The author draws attention to some features of the iconography of the Passional, namely, the plots “Creation of Eve”, “The Bronze Serpent”, “Pentecost” and “The Church”. The first edition of the Passional contained certain contradictions that were completely or partially overcome in the later editions.