The purpose of this work is to discuss the most famous Russian collectors of the Napoleonic wars' rarities at the beginning of the 20th century, to trace the history of their collections and their cooperation with the Special Committee for creation of the Patriotic War 1812 Museum in Moscow. The research aim is to address the inconsistency of historical material about private collectors of War 1812 items, whose crucial role in the creation of the Moscow Museum 1812 are rarely discussed. The research is based on the materials of other researchers on this topic. As a result, the obtained material was systematically studied, and the most striking collectors of War 1812 were identified.