In recent years, Russia has a tendency to increase the number of students from Southeast Asia, especially from China. Geographical proximity to Russia, traditional economic and cultural ties with it make it attractive for citizens of these countries to receive higher education in Russia. Russian language teaching, especially at the pre-stage, is associated with a number of difficulties, based on significant differences in the grammatical, phonetic and lexical systems of the Russian and Chinese languages. This is the reason for the relevance of this work, the authors of which consider one of the most important grammatical categories of Russian and Chinese languages – the noun. The aim of this work is to consider the category of noun in the Russian and Chinese languages, differences and partial coincidences of this grammatical category. The authors come to the conclusion that in the process of consistent development through the use of various types of exercises, it is possible to achieve the formation of a stable skill in the speech act of Chinese-speaking students.