This article deals with the analysis of the first published work by P.Merime “Theatre of Clara Gazul, a Spanish Comedian” (1825) which is full of atmosphere of literary game: destruction of the theatre illusion using the technique of opposition of fictitious author and spectators to real author and spectator/reader, which emphasizes the convention of a literary work typical of romantic-era poetic forms. The author of the article emphasizes the functional novelty of this technique which creates the atmosphere of romantic irony and Merime’s innovation who adopted the conception of idealistic art of German philosophers of the beginning of the 19-th century in spite of the skepticism of the prominent theoreticians of French romanticism such as G.de Stael, P.Barante.