The article addresses the issue that has not been previously studied in Russia, but is of high relevance at the moment because of the recently growing academic interest in the Emperor Peter the Great both in Russia and abroad due to the upcoming three hundred and fiftieth anniversary of his birth. The article touches upon the imagological perception of some phenomena of Russian culture and outstanding figures of Russian history by the Chinese as bearers of another culture. The author investigates the Chinese translations and translators of Aleksey Tolstoy’s Soviet historical novel Peter the First, being one of the important sources of information and perceptions of the Russian Emperor in China. One classical translation, first published in 1986 by a Chinese Russianist Zhu Wen, and his research works on this novel are of particular importance for the study. The article identifies how Zhu Wen specifically perceived the image of Peter the Great and establishes the ideological and cultural layers that shaped his perception. Based on the materials from the Chinese segment of the global Internet, the author studies the perception of the Russian Emperor’s image by a Chinese blogger Gao Hong and the authors of the novel summaries from Chinese online bookstores, using linguoculturological analysis as the key research method.