Along with the geographical environment, the social environment plays an important role in assessing the state of public health. It is no coincidence that the World Health Organization (WHO) considers the inequality of social conditions as the main cause of negative consequences and spatial inequalities in public health. In the Russian Federation, the issues of social determinants of health are given increased attention as one of the factors of sustainable development of the country. The article considers the system of indicators of social determinants and assesses the state of public health. Public health is assessed from the standpoint of multiple criteria. Through the use of the ASPID-method of integrated assessment, the synthesis of indicators is performed and the integral index is calculated. The integral index characterizes the state of public health from the point of view of social determinants. The ASPID method helps to consider trends in the development of the situation, taking into account different priorities. A two-level hierarchical model of regional assessment is proposed. The article presents the results of several scenarios for an integral assessment of the state of the social determinants of health for the five northern regions Each evaluation scenario allowed to consider the spatial changes of social living conditions estimates from different viewpoints (priorities) and to identify their tendency. The results reveal the potential for using the ASPID method to assess the social conditions of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the role of prioritization in the organization of the assessment process. The application of the method can be a valuable tool for analyzing social policies and combating inequities in public health. The results of the studies also illustrate the need for an active social policy in the field of public health in regions with adverse social conditions of life.