Aim: to assess the relationship of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines with the levels of natriuretic peptides in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and methods. A total of 155 patients (14 men and 61 women) with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, aged 34 to 84 years, were examined. All patients underwent standard clinical and laboratory examination, with an assessment of the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), chemokines (monokine induced by interferon-gamma (MIG), regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and presumably secreted (RANTES), growth factors (fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A), natriuretic peptides (B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP), N‐terminal fragment of B‐type natriuretic peptide (proBNP). Renal function was assessed based on the levels of serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which was calculated according to the CKD-EPI formula, and albuminuria, which was assessed as albumin/creatinine ratio (A/C). An echocardiographic examination was conducted according to the standard protocol with the calculation of dimensional, volume and speed characteristics. Statistical data analysis was performed using smSTATA 14.2 for Mac (2018).