The authors consider entrepreneurship a key factor in economic growth. Regulating business in Russia, it is necessary to consider the conditions of the country's spatial development. For the effective use of such factors of production as labor, land and capital, a developed enterprise factor is necessary. The business factor is not the same in different regions. When implementing a state regional policy, this situation must be considered. The purpose of the article is to analyze the state regional policy in the Russian Federation and assess its impact on the development of entrepreneurship in the Russian regions. The development and implementation of the state regional policy includes the following elements: goals, objectives, priorities, principles, directions, strategies, methods and tools. The level of development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, as well as federal districts, is characterized by significant differentiation. This is confirmed by official statistics.