The concept of “paradigm” was introduced into the philosophy of science by T. Kuhn, but soon began to be used in other areas of philosophical knowledge, and then by some Christian theologians. Today, the discussion of a “paradigm shift” often implies, among other things, also a revision of the so-called. “conflict paradigms” in the relationship between religion and science. It is noteworthy that the thesis on the dialogue of religion and science in recent decades has become an essential part of not only Western Christian, but also Orthodox thought. Throughout the XX century many scientists speak of this problem. Theology, of course, responds to the fundamental changes taking place in the world, especially to the statements of many philosophers of science about changing the pictures of the world and establishing a new type of scientific rationality. Indeed, today the crisis of world science is being ascertained, which can be perceived as a transition to a fundamentally new “post-non- classical” paradigm of scientific knowledge. However, it can be argued that, like science, Christian theology is also experiencing a “paradigmatic shift” today, and these processes occur quite synchronously. In this regard, the topic of “integration” of theology and science, which is defined as “the conceptual merger of science and theology”, in which “none of the disciplines is completely absorbed by the other”. The theory of synergy, the theology of the process and the movement of the New Era are just some examples showing the global tendency to revise both the positivist and scientistic and traditional metaphysical and theological attitudes occurring in the philosophy of science, in Christian theology and in popular culture.