The paper describes a study of fears, emotional self-regulation in relation with parent-child relationship in preschool children. We assumed that the manifestation of fears and features of emotional self-regulation of preschoolers are associated with the quality of parent-child relationships. And also, that children with a high level of emotional self-regulation are less susceptible to age-related fears and cope with them more easily. Method: questionnaires for parents (biographical questionnaire for the study of self-regulation of preschoolers and the questionnaire for the study of children's fears), questionnaire "Analysis of family relationships" by Eidemiller E.G. and Justitskis V.V., technique “Fears in houses” by M. Panfilova, as well as projective methods (projective methods of emotional self-regulation Savenysheva S.S. and Smirnova N.N., methods “Family Drawing”). The study involved 47 couples (preschool children and their parents). Data processing was performed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis by the Spearman's R. Results: we found a large number of statistically significant relationships between the quality of parent-child relationships and the level of development of emotional self-regulation and fears. This allowed us to confirm the first hypothesis. The second hypothesis of the study was not confirmed, since conflicting data were obtained.