Objective: to uncover the role of the human anatomy as a fundamental science in the training of surgeons and gynecologists in the modern world. The article points out that surgery of female genital organs has developed for more than two centuries and passed several different periods. Currently, gentle, functional surgery is actively put into practice. The rapid development of clinical (applied) anatomy in the last 30-40 years is due to widespread introduction of new surgical techniques, as well as a wide range of methods of in vivo imaging (CT, MRI, ultrasound, endoscopy and endovideosurgery). Knowledge and free interpretation of information on modern anatomy of the female pelvis organs, obtained using these methods, are one of the necessary conditions for the development and successful career of an obstetrician-gynecologist. In this context workshops and training courses with the use of cadaveric material play a special role. These facts suggest the increasing role of anatomy as a fundamental science in the training of a physician and, therefore, an in-depth study of variant anatomy and organ development abnormalities, individual, age, sexual and typical features of the structure of various anatomical formations, providing with up-to-date information about microscopic anatomy, modeling structural and functional relationships in normal and various pathological conditions. To accomplish these tasks, it is necessary to develop new embalming methods that allow for cadaver courses on laparoscopic anatomy of the small pelvis in live situations. Unique developments on these issues have been done at the Department of Normal Anatomy of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov. Teaching clinical and anatomical foundations in various training courses contributes to training a highly qualified gynecologist, a specialist of the 21st century.