On the issue of social validity and constitutional and legal justification compulsory medical examinations Annotation. The article deals with social and legal issues of preventive medical examinations in the Russian Federation. The provisions of normative legal acts and draft normative legal acts on the need for medical examinations are examined for their social validity and constitutional legal justification. The article analyzes the results of the all-Russian sociological survey conducted in may 2020 on the attitude of the population to preventive medical examinations, as well as reviews of draft orders of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation on preventive medical examinations. The authors come to conclusions about the lack of social validity of a number of provisions of normative legal acts on medical examinations of the population in the Russian Federation, as well as the lack of constitutional and legal justification of a number of provisions of bylaws on coercion to undergo medical examinations. Based on the results of the study, a legal model for regulating the passage of medical preventive examinations by certain groups of the population is proposed.