The article is dedicated to analysis of the structure of teenagers' self-development and revealing of interconnections of self-development with psycho-emotional wellbeing. Two aspects are under investigation: self-development as spontaneous process, where interest is dominating factor; and self-development as focused activity where importance is dominating factor. Sample: 190 teenagers of 14-17 years old (73 - men, 117 - ladies). The set of psycho-emotional diagnostic methods was applied and technique called “Self-development in different life situations.” Strong intention to self-development, particularly in professional, personal, and life goals areas was revealed. For young men harmonious combination of interest and importance of self-development is inherent; external importance and obligation significantly prevails for ladies. The article demonstrates that existence of internal and external motivation to self-development connected with increase of the most of psycho-emotional wellbeing characteristics. At the same time, external motivation for self-development accompanied by negative emotional experience, decreasing of life satisfaction.