The purpose of the article is to study the process of employment of young specialists in Russia and China. The objectives are to generalize this process based on the analysis of statistical data for the period from 2012 to 2016, as well as the specifics of this process in Russia and China. The characteristics of the labor market of young graduates are given in these countries; there is a disproportion in this market. The methods of research are scientific analysis and synthesis, in particular comparative analysis. The result of the study presented in the article is the conclusion that it is necessary to regulate the employment of young specialists in these countries.