Nowadays, the Arctic region is one of the key areas of energy diplomacy of Nordic countries. Improving economic conditions in the region as a result of the ice cover melting of the Arctic Ocean provide the opportunities for the development of hydrocarbon resources in the region, according to preliminary estimates that account for 58% of all stocks of the oceans, and about a quarter of world reserves. However, along with the Arctic is the most vulnerable to climate change ecosystems in the world. Therefore, the high priority in the Arctic is to establish an effective management system as a platform to discuss the most pressing issues in the region, such as sustainable development, environmental protection, the extraction of natural resources on the continental shelf. Legal and regulatory framework of energy diplomacy of the Nordic countries in the Arctic region includes international and national law. The basis of the legal regime of the Arctic is international maritime law, norms which are enshrined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, adopted in 1982. Arctic strategy of the five Nordic countries has been developed in the period from 2006 to 2011 mainly by the Ministries of Foreign Affairs. These strategies were enshrined provisions such as support for international law to address the maritime boundary and continental shelf, a policy of sustainable development in order to preserve the fragile ecosystem of the region.