The article describes results of the study of the neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive functions associated with the parameters of various cognitive styles. Subjects included schizophreniс patients with paranoid attacks and healthy people. Subjects also made up two groups based on the intake of various types of neuroleptics. Methods: psychological techniques for measuring cognitive styles, SANS. The ERP to different sequences, consisting of standard and deviant stimuli. Results: We have found changes in the neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive functions depending on cognitive styles and the intake of various types of neuroleptics. Neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive functions are associated with the short-term memory system and the work of the hippocampal structures that provide the potential of neuronal synapses.