This publication introduces for scientific use an earlier unknown source - the short hand report of the communication of I.A. Orbeli, the director of the State Hermitage (1934-1951), devoted to theoretical and practical museums' activity of S.F. Oldenburg. The communication has been made in 1934. The published text allows better understanding of interrelations of the academic science and museums' sphere in Russia of the first third of the 20th century, personal contribution of S.F. Oldenburg into the preservation of historical and cultural heritage of the world civilizations.