In the context of the globalization of sports, there is a growing interest in studying the psychological characteristics of athletes from different cultural backgrounds. This article presents a cross-cultural study of motivation and value orientations among athletes from Russia and Uzbekistan. The empirical research was conducted on a sample of 106 athletes (53 Russian and 53 Uzbek nationals) involved in both individual and team sports. The methodological tools included standardized techniques such as the «Spirit of Sport» Value Survey (adapted by K.A. Bochaver and colleagues), the Sport Motivation Scale (also adapted by K.A. Bochaver et al.), and the author's questionnaire “Value Orientations of Athletes.”The analysis revealed that athletes from Uzbekistan scored significantly higher on the scale of “external motivation – social approval” compared to their Russian counterparts. Uzbek athletes also placed greater importance on values such as patriotism and national unity. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups on the values of “teamwork,” “ethics,” and “upbringing”. The findings are of practical value for professionals in the field of sports — including coaches and psychologists working with culturally diverse athletes. This research contributes to a better understanding of culturally specific motivational and value-based factors, and may assist in the development of more effective training and psychological support programs. Furthermore, the identified differences and similarities can be useful for improving communication, enhancing teamwork, and optimizing coach-athlete interaction.