This paper based on a study of interesting historical books and articles left by Soviet historians and scholars in the modern Russia. These authors described and analyzed several chances in world history (in the 18th and 20th centuries), when the acute social and political strife in society or even civil war or another type of it led to the split in the said society, extended the numerous differences among the people and subsequently a considerable part of the population occupied neutral positions or even deserted to the enemy camp and become traitors or turn traitors. But the world history demonstrated to us, that in the most such cases traitors and turn traitors were condemned to the shame, failure and utter defeat.