The article discusses the most topical points of the fundamental book by V.T. Ryazanov “(Non-)real Capitalism. Political Economy of Crisis and Its Consequences for the Global Economy and Russia,” addressed to all categories of specialists in economics, both theoreticians and practitioners, as well as to a broad audience of people concerned about Russia's future in the contemporary complex and contradictory world. The author stresses that that book systematizes and provides theoretical framework for a number of complex phenomena through drawing one's attention to simple facts that constantly emerge in literature as well as in everyday life. The book by V.T. Ryazanov is an example of a fundamental text based on many years of research, which does not have analogies in the present-day economic literature