The objective of this article is to analyze the degree of readiness of the current Russia for digital transformation and building a full-fledged digital economy, as well as identifying factors that contribute to the processes of innovative development and factors that impede economic growth, innovative development and digitalization. After analyzing and summarizing the results of studies devoted to the search for the interdependence of the quality of institutions and economic processes, it is concluded that the quality of the institutional environment is a fundamental factor in the development of economic and innovation development. As a result of aggregation and analysis of relevant cases and other empirical data, ten institutional factors of development inhibition in the conditions of the modern Russia are identified.