In this article, the political and philosophical heritage of the Russian thinker, poet and political publicist F. I. Tyutchev is considered as an object. The author analyzes the ideal of "moral" politics presented in his articles, letters and unfinished treatise "Russia and the West". In the context of the stated topic, he considers various ways of argumentation of the thinker in favor of this ideal. It is noted the multi-vector nature of this argument and its mediation by the previous tradition of Russian thought. At the same time, the article draws attention to the great importance in the development of this ideal of the author's model of political life, developed by the Russian thinker through the prism of relations between Russia and the West, as well as within the framework of Christian metaphysics. It is concluded that the arguments about "moral" politics were presented by Tyutchev in the form of an ideal construction, in relation to which the historical justification of certain political actions was evaluated.