The article is devoted to the analysis of the methodological basis of engineering psychology and ergonomics, in the context of the development of global technogenic environments. We have carried out a critical analysis of the current classical methodological system of ergonomics and engineering psychology. We have shown its limitations in solving problems arising from the creation of complex ergatic and sociotechnical systems, including artificial intelligence technologies, and have substantiated new research directions in the field of sociotechnical ergonomics within the framework of the post-non-classical paradigm of scientific rationality. Theoretical concepts based on models of cyclic self-organization, social induction, with the use of quantum-like reasoning, allowing to create constructive models for solving the issues of taking into account the human factor in the design of complex sociotechnical and ergatic systems and environments in the context of the evolution of the global technogenic environment, are considered.