The article presents a comparative analysis of such different traditions of philosophical thought as Indian and European traditions of philosophy. The article deals with the problem of relationship between Brahman and the world, Brahman and the individual soul. This problem has been solved in Indian philosophy in the different ways - from monism of Shankara (in the 8th century) to dualism of Madhva (in the 13th century). Meanwhile there were Ramanuja and Bkaskara who have also tried to find the decision for this ontological problem. The article gives special consideration to the analyses of Bkaskara’s philosophical views, according to which Brahman can be regarded both as a having the same essence with the world and individual soul and as a having the divergent one. It depends on the way we consider and interpret the notions of identity and difference, avidya and maya. On the base of the comparison of Bkaskara’s argumentation for identity and divergence at the same time of Brahman and the world with the method of transcendental reduction of Husserl the authors conclude the methods of phenomenology can be successfully applied to comprehension of different aspects of philosophical thoughts of other cultural regions such for example Indian philosophy. The article demonstrates also the fact that we can describe by means of phenomenological language the other East European philosophical traditions such as Kantian one.