This paper is dedicated to study the financial constraints on Russian enterprises. A special attention is given to innovative and R&D active enterprises in order to understand the relation between financial constraints on the enterprise and its decision to undertake innovation and R&D activities. Data from the Enterprises Survey in the Russian Federation conducted by the World Bank in 2019 are used to understand how the financial constraints intensity change by innovativeness, R&D activity, size, industry, and region. The results show that the intensity of financial constraints is significantly affected by all these factors. The results show that financial constraints are less associated with innovative enterprises. While R&D active enterprises are less constrained than non-innovative but more constrained than innovative ones. Studying the access of innovative and R&D active enterprises regarding the size, industry and region could help in developing more effective policy in order to promote the innovation development of these enterprises.