The article presents the results of the research of objective and subjective factors affecting the professional self-determination of modern Russian studying youth and determining their readiness for future professional activity. Young people are the most dynamic, but at the same time the most vulnerable part of society because of their age, lack of life experience, dependence on the conditions of the social environment, and therefore they need assistance from state structures, businesses, non-profit organizations and other actors that influence and control the process of self-determination of young people. The article presents the analysis of the results of research by number of research organizations confirm the relevance of the problem posed by the authors of building a system of professional self-determination and professional orientation. As a result of the analysis, the authors formulate proposals aimed at solving the problem of professional self-determination and professional orientation of students, t