The digital transformation of the region forms new contours of interactions between agents of the region. Traditional institutions of political and economic coordination create opportunities or limitations for the implementation of managerial and business goals. In addition, the dynamic development of the external conjuncture, the "new normality", requires from the participants of the regional socio-economic system adaptive capabilities, maintaining manageability and ensuring sustainability. The article aims to rethink the categories of "sustainability" and "adaptability" through the prism of the concept of adaptive governance and taking into account the dynamics and specifics of the processes of digitalization of business and the state. On the example of Russian regions, the adaptation strategies of regional administration and business structures in the implementation of import substitution policy in the agro-industrial sector are analyzed.