The article analyzes the problems of philosophy of culture in the era of the Russian revolution. For the first time it analyzes articles by the well-known Russian philosophers P. B. Struve, N.. Berdyaev, historians M. I. Rostovtsev, A. S. Izgoev, published in one of the most influential national journals “Russkaya Mysl” - Russian thought. The authors seek to identify some of the key issues that are associated with the causes of the Russian revolution, its socio-cultural and mental preconditions. The conclusion rests on the presence of both subjective and objective factors influencing the theoretical and axiological understanding of the outcome of the Russian revolution. Refs 15.