The relevance of the topic stems from the fact that with the emergence of social platforms, the concept of public participation has undergone significant changes. This phenomenon needs to be scientifically analyzed and clarified. Cyberspace produces new forms communities and unique ways of communication, that are different from those existed before. Not only is modern Internet civil society a form of self-organization for individuals, it also provides opportunities for the construction of new subcultures with their own values and mythologies digital vigilantism, an informalised institution that regulates the behavior of citizens through sanctions (not always virtual) against those whose behavior does not conform to their declared value system, is particularly interesting from this point of view. Nowadays, digital vigilantism, as a fairly well-formed social phenomenon not only in global practice but also in Russia, needs an analysis of its structure, goals, motivations, interests and values of various community members. Such analysis is necessary to identify the trends of civil society change within the context of digital transformation. The capital of user surveillance and unification of social media users' behavior poses a threat to the sovereignty of states and can pervert policy. The aggressive onslaught of digital content is becoming a tool to manipulate people's behavior by subjugating their minds, destroying traditional ethical norms. In these circumstances, a defensive strategy of states is not sufficient. Instead, an offensive strategy relying on social activism is required. The article examines digital practices of individuals and groups - holders of distinct values - in an attempt to define the role of digital vigilantism in the process of shaping public values and a new ethos.