Recently, the Italian and world scientific school of philosophy
of art has been actively developing the direction of
“documediality”, based on the theories of “social reality”, “new
realism” and “documentality”. The basis of the “documediality”
is the statement that the ontology of the social objects today
(including works of art, for example, photo images) is the
consideration of their fundamental characteristics, defined as
«leaving traces» process (registration, recording, fixation in
stone or on a medium), which will be preserved or revealed
later and which form the current and future social reality.
The foundations of the modern theory of the
documentality are studied from the monographs and reports
of the philosopher Maurizio Ferraris, author of the Manifesto of
the New Realism. The centrality of documents leads to a view
of normativity according to which human beings are primarily
passive receptors of rules manifested through documents. We
are not intentional producers of values that should be viewed as
being «socially dependent» rather than «socially constructed».
In the modern social philosophy of the Turin school the fact
of documenting social reality is perceived not as an arbitrary
(individual, creative) or bureaucratic act, but as a necessary
condition for the existence of a «social object», for example, of
a work of art (art object), and not the other way around.