To define the potentialities of conventional computed tomography (CCT) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in the the evaluation of spread of central-type lung cancer, 141 patients were studied. The results of the studies were compared with the data of surgical interventions in 86 patients. The analysis of their efficiency was based on the examination of the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of each technique. Analyzing the findings showed that the potentialities of CECT exceeded those of CCT. There were the most manifest differences in the accuracy and sensitivity of these techniques. This was due to the fact that CECT was the leading imaging of vessels, such as the pulmonary artery, superior cava, aorta, which in turn greatly reduced the number of false-negative and false-positive conclusions. No great differences were found in the efficiency of the techniques when the invasion of the trachea, esophagus, and vertebral column was determined.