Extremely high uranium concentrations (>100 times average crustal content) are established in the recent sediments of small lakes of the northern Murmansk region. It is substantiated that the high uranium concentrations in the sediments of the lakes of the northern Murmansk region were mainly controlled by natural uranium migration from magmatic and metamorphic rocks bearing uranium mineralization (Litsa geological district). The sediments of the studied lakes display a tight correlation of uranium with Mo and rare earth elements usually accompanying uranium in parental rocks. The main chemical fractions of uranium in the lake sediments are revealed. It is shown that organic matter significantly affects the accumulation of this element in the lake sediments.