TY - JOUR

T1 - Two new genera of eriophyoid mites (Eriophyoidea) from Hyphaene coriacea linking eriophyoid faunas of South American, Indian and African palms

T2 - An insight from paleobiography of Arecaceae

AU - Chetverikov, Philipp E.

AU - Craemer, Charnie

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © Systematic & Applied Acarology Society. Copyright: Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2017

Y1 - 2017

N2 - Two new monotypic genera and one new species, Afrodialox dimorphopalpalis n. gen. & n. sp. (Diptilomiopidae: Diptilomiopinae) and Borassia borassis (Mohanasundaram, 1981) n. gen. & n. comb. (Phytoptidae: Phytoptinae), are described from Hyphaene coriacea (Arecaceae) from South Africa. A. dimorphopalpalis n. sp. is sexually dimorphic with respect to palptarsal appendages, whereas Novophytoptus (Phytoptidae: Novophytoptinae) is sexually dimorphic with respect to empodial shape. These are rare examples of pronounced sexual dimorphism in Eriophyoidea. Three monotypic diptilomiopine genera living on palms (Dialox, Neodialox and Afrodialox n. gen.) form a putatively monophyletic group, "Dialox-like diptilomiopines" (DD). Hypotheses on the origin of this group are discussed in the context of paleobiography of palms and their phylogenetic relationships with eriophyoids from herbaceous monocots. The preferred hypothesis implies the following sequence of events: (a) South American origin of DD on attaleine palms (Areceae: Cocoseae) in the Paleocene; (b) migration to Indian Ocean, a host shift to borassoid palms (Coryphoideae: Borasseae), and divergence in India and Africa during the Eocene; and (c) human mediated introduction from Malesia to Latin America with coconut during the Pleistocene. Well-resolved deep phylogenies of Arecaceae published by botanists in recent years provide an excellent background for future cophylogenetic studies of the system Eriophyoidea-Arecaceae, inviting researchers (especially those from tropical countries with rich palm diversity) to use palm inhabiting eriophyoids as a model group for tracing steps of the evolution of Eriophyoidea on plants.

AB - Two new monotypic genera and one new species, Afrodialox dimorphopalpalis n. gen. & n. sp. (Diptilomiopidae: Diptilomiopinae) and Borassia borassis (Mohanasundaram, 1981) n. gen. & n. comb. (Phytoptidae: Phytoptinae), are described from Hyphaene coriacea (Arecaceae) from South Africa. A. dimorphopalpalis n. sp. is sexually dimorphic with respect to palptarsal appendages, whereas Novophytoptus (Phytoptidae: Novophytoptinae) is sexually dimorphic with respect to empodial shape. These are rare examples of pronounced sexual dimorphism in Eriophyoidea. Three monotypic diptilomiopine genera living on palms (Dialox, Neodialox and Afrodialox n. gen.) form a putatively monophyletic group, "Dialox-like diptilomiopines" (DD). Hypotheses on the origin of this group are discussed in the context of paleobiography of palms and their phylogenetic relationships with eriophyoids from herbaceous monocots. The preferred hypothesis implies the following sequence of events: (a) South American origin of DD on attaleine palms (Areceae: Cocoseae) in the Paleocene; (b) migration to Indian Ocean, a host shift to borassoid palms (Coryphoideae: Borasseae), and divergence in India and Africa during the Eocene; and (c) human mediated introduction from Malesia to Latin America with coconut during the Pleistocene. Well-resolved deep phylogenies of Arecaceae published by botanists in recent years provide an excellent background for future cophylogenetic studies of the system Eriophyoidea-Arecaceae, inviting researchers (especially those from tropical countries with rich palm diversity) to use palm inhabiting eriophyoids as a model group for tracing steps of the evolution of Eriophyoidea on plants.

KW - Afrotropics

KW - Attaleinae

KW - Borasseae

KW - coconut

KW - fan palm

KW - Indomalaya

KW - palm pests

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85021186668&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.11158/saa.22.7.3

DO - 10.11158/saa.22.7.3

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85021186668

VL - 22

SP - 925

EP - 947

JO - Systematic and Applied Acarology

JF - Systematic and Applied Acarology

SN - 1362-1971

IS - 7

ER -